“The School of Basic Medicine Science of Central South University”, formerly known as “The Basic Courses Department of Hunan Medical University”, was founded in 1956, moreover it was renamed into “The Department of Basic Medicine” in early 1984. However, it was again renamed into “School of Basic Medical Sciences (SBMS)” in 1993. After seven years operated as SBMS, the university agreed to merged with Central South University, as a result, it was reorganized as the School of Basic Medicine science of Central South University in 2002.

School of Basic Medicine of Central South University emphasizes its development from "XiangYa for one Hundred years". Determination, human resources, and technology prevalence have allowed them to continue to grow and expand, subsequently, it becomes one of the pioneers of modern medicine in China. Hence, the school often utilize for training and scientific research conducted by senior specialized talents, including integrated teaching, scientific research, and social service on national level. From educational standpoint, the school has three first-level doctoral programs in basic medicine, biology and particular medicine, postdoctoral research stations and one master's program in biomedical engineering. Moreover, it has one critical second-level discipline (Pathology and Pathophysiology) that was accredited on national level, two Hunan Provincial key first-level disciplines (Basic Medicine and Biology), four Hunan Provincial key second-level disciplines (Human Anatomy and Histopathology, Pathogen Biology, Physiology and Oncology), one national stem cell Research Engineering Center and seven provincial and ministerial key laboratories. Immunology, Biology and Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology are among the top 1% of ESI. Currently, the college has 3 undergraduate enrollment programs, including basic medicine, forensic medicine, and biomedical engineering, and more than 30 graduate enrollment disciplines and directions, including oncology, stem cell engineering and genetics, neurobiology, physiology, immunology, anatomy and histopathology, Pathology and pathophysiology, and pathogen biology. There are more than 1,000 undergraduate, master, and doctoral student studying in school.

According to the value by Ministry of Education in 2007, it has ranked the school the first place for basic medicine, followed by fifth in 2012, and B+ in 2017. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation of postdoctoral research conducted by The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in 2014 indicated that the postdoctoral research station of basic medicine was awarded with the title of "National Outstanding Postdoctoral Research Station". Basic medicine was selected as China's five-star discipline in 2014 by The Chinese Alumni Association network and has been ranked among the top disciplines in China. Moreover, Immunology entered the top 1% of ESI (Basic Scientific Indicators) in 2017.

The school has 173 full-time teachers, including 63 professors and 76 associate professors. As for faculties and facility, the school consists of nine departments, two research institutes, one teaching and research section and one Medical Experimental Teaching Centre. In the field of nasopharyngeal cancer and other malignant tumors pathogenesis, embryonic stem cells and assisted reproduction, MaWangDui cultural relics protection technology, sepsis mechanism and other research areas, the school keep advanced over the world. CITIC XiangYa reproductive and genetic hospital, jointly established with CITIC Group, is the reproductive center with the most significant number of people receiving IVF treatment and the highest pregnancy rate globally. Forensic medicine has become an authoritative forensic team in China.

The school has 10 national-level excellent resource sharing courses and video open courses. The MOOCs of basic medicine are also very influential. The number of high-quality national MOOCs for Physiology and Pathophysiology has reached nearly 200,000 and more than 100,000, with the number of registered students of the two courses ranking first among similar courses, covering more than 200 colleges and universities in China. The school has a national teaching team for basic medical morphology, a national demonstration testing center for functional experiments, and a popular science education base for the human body Morphology Science Museum. The school has a national teaching team and a provincial teaching team.

In recent years, teams of our teachers edited more than 140 textbooks as chief editor or deputy chief editor, presided over 9 provincial educational reform projects and 30 university-level educational reform projects, and published more than 80 educational reform papers. Two teachers won the first and second prizes respectively in the "Wonderful Lesson" Competition of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Courses selected by National Colleges and universities, one won the second prize in the third National Young Teachers' Teaching Competition of Basic Medical Sciences, and one won the second prize in the micro lesson Competition of the 11th National Seminar on Teaching Reform and Curriculum Construction of Human Parasitology. Two person won the second prize in the Young Teachers' Lecture Competition organized by The Education Department of Hunan Province, Two won the second prize in the Second Micro Lesson Competition of Hunan Province, and one won the third prize in the Classroom Teaching Competition for Teachers in Colleges and universities of Hunan Province.

In addition to that, the college has received more than 350 scientific research projects. With the emergence of high-level papers, 1500 academic papers have been published, more than 300 national patents have been authorized, and one software copyright has been transformed into intangible assets of 3 million yuan. It has won the first prize of National Science and Technology Progress, three teachers won second prizes and four gained third prizes of Natural science of Hunan Province, one faculty gained first prize of Medical Science and Technology of Hunan Province with other units. In addition, school also won one Young Talent Award, one Young Science and Technology Award and one Science and Technology Innovation Award jointly with other units.

Subsequently, the college has carried out a wide range of international scientific research exchanges, has sent more than 100 people abroad for further studies and visits, invited famous experts and scholars at home and abroad to give lectures. The college has established academic exchanges and research cooperation with many countries and regions.