In 1979,responding tothe call of the knowledge of ultrastructure under electron microscope in teaching, scientific research, medical treatment and personnel training, the Ministry of Health approved the import of a biological electron microscope (TEM H-600, Japan) to Hunan Medical College due to the joint efforts of leaders at all levels and experts at home and abroad. Hunan Medical College appointed Prof. Peng Longxiang as the director of the Lab of EM,who wasresponsible for the preparation work.In September 1979, H-600 was installed in Xiangyamedical school.ThenXiangya's "Lab ofelectron microscope" was formally established.In 2000, the"Lab ofelectron microscope " was renamed as "Deptof Medical ultrastructure" to meet the development of the discipline constructionand theneeds of teaching.Sincethen, it has been undertaking medical teaching (including graduate and undergraduate) as well as scientific research services. From 1980, it has been responsible for ultramicroscopic pathological diagnosis tasksfromhospitals and the scientific research services of bioelectron microscopy inside and outside the Hunan province,which is the earliest and also the only institution capable of carrying out ultramicroscopic pathological diagnosis and consultation in Hunan Province. ased in Hunan, it radiated neighboring provinces.

At present, there are three electron microscopes: 2 transmission electron microscopies(oneHT7700HITACHIandoneTecnai G2 Spirit TWIN,FEI), 1 scanning electron microscopy (S-3400N), 2 ultramicrotomes(Leica EM UC7), 1 frozenultramicrotome(Leica EM FC7), critical point dryer, freeze dryer and other large valuable instruments.The new biological electron microscopescan be used for real-time observation, teaching, scientific research and consultation in a bright room. It can takedigital photosof different multiples with high resolutionbyCCD, which is convenient for image storage, management and retrospective analysis, and is also conducive tosign outpathologicalgraphic reports. It can be seen that as a scientific cognitive tool at subcellular level, the ultrastructural platform established by electron microscopy has become an indispensable technical means in teaching, scientific research andin precision medicine.

Team & Teaching:There are6 members(1 professor, 2 associate professors, 2 supervisor technicians)in this team. All of them have PhD degrees. All presided over national and provincial scientific research projects including the National Natural Science Foundation of China.In the last 10 years, more than 10grants have been obtained and 30 papers have been published inEnglish and 15 patents have been authorized.We have undertakenthe theoretical and experimental teaching of <Biomedical Ultrastructure& Ultrastructure Pathology> courses for medical students at all levels, including the eight-year, seven-year and five-year programs, as well as postgraduate courses such as <Electron Microscopy Technology>and <Ultramicro-pathology>.More than 10 the teaching programs have been gained.There are also 2 senior retired professors who actively participate in the consultation ofteaching ordifficult diseases.

Scientific researchand service:In 1980, we began to serve the scientific research for the whole college. In constant practice and exploration, we accumulated various techniques, such as techniqueof ultrathin section,Negative dyeing technique, SEM sample preparation technology, Freezing ultra-thin section technology, EM enzyme cytochemistry technique, Immunoelectron microscopy, electronic probe etc. Using these techniques under electron microscopy, we can observe structures which are invisible under light microscopy such as organelles, nanobacteria, viruses, DNA fragments and biological macromolecules. Above all, morphologyof virus was identified byEM.At the same time, in line with the mission of serving the country'sdemands and various major scientific research projects,wehavesuccessively undertaken the ultrastructure research tasks of scientific research projects such as 973, 863 and NSFof China. On the basis of the original scientific research service projects, new scientific research services such as semi-thin sectioning, electron microscopy enzyme cytochemistry, liquid pathogen detection, autophagosomes, and exosomes have been gradually carried out.Electron microscopy shows people a rich and colorful ultra-micro world, and provide biomedical workers with more accurate diagnosis, treatment and evaluation in many diseases or scientific research fields.

Pathological diagnosis:We haveundertook ultrasructurepathological diagnosis tasks fromXiangya Hospitalsince 1980. The labis also thepart ofprovincialpathological consultation center.In 2011,ourteam participated in the application of the key clinical construction project of the Pathology Department of Xiangya Hospital and the Department of Nephrology of the Ministry of Health as a member of the sub-specialty of electron microscopy and ultrastructure pathology, and achieved great success.

Work address:

1. Electron microscope room of the Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital:Second Floor, New Science and Education Building, Xiangya Hospital

2. Electron microscope room on the old campus of Xiangya Medical College:Biomedical Electron Microscope Room on the 1st floor of the Scientific Research Building, Xiangya Medical College, 110 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City (the first building on the left after entering the campus)

Contact number: 0731-84805411, 0731-84327652

Attachment:The scope of clinical diagnosis and scientific research services:

1. Renal puncture or kidney tissue

Related departments:the department of Nephrology, Pediatrics, Rheumatology and Immunology, etc.

Representative disease spectrum:minimal change, thin basement membrane disease, Alport syndrome, Fabry syndrome, early membranous nephropathy, lipoprotein nephropathy, amyloid nephropathy, etc.

Specimen requirements:fresh kidney tissue, size 1x1x2 mm3 (2-3 balls are appropriate) or a single puncture tissue and put it into 2.5% glutaraldehyde fixative within 1 minute after being isolated.

2.Liver puncture or tissue in children and adults

Related departments:the department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases

Representative disease spectrum:metabolic diseases (glycogen accumulation disease, Gaucher disease, Niemann-Pick disease, constitutional jaundice, Wilson disease, etc.); non-viral hepatitis (yellow fever, cytomegalovirus hepatitis, etc.) , Brucella infection, endoplasmic reticulum disorder, etc.

Specimen requirements:1-2 pieces of fresh liver tissue, 1x1x2 mm3 in size, put into 2.5% glutaraldehyde fixative within 1 minute of isolation.

3.Skin, muscle and nerve tissue

Related departments:Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology, Department of Neurosurgery, etc.

Representative diseases:skin and subcutaneous diseases (such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (Birbeck granules); CADASIL; muscle diseases: lipid storage myopathy, glycogen accumulation disease, Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, etc., peripheral nerves: myelinopathy, axonal disease, viral infection, nerve phagocytosis, etc.

Specimen requirements:1-2 pieces of fresh tissue, 1x1x2 mm3 in size, put into 2.5% glutaraldehyde fixative within 1 minute of isolation.

4. Electron microscopic examination of body fluid specimens

Related departments:Hematology, Respiratory Medicine, ICU, etc.

Representative diseases:hairy cell leukemia, RBC and WBC morphology, parasites (Babesia, kala-azar); alveolar lavage fluid (mycoplasma, fungus, chlamydia, virus infection), etc.

Specimen requirements:2-5 ml of fresh blood without anticoagulation treatment (each cell layer can be separated and purified); or 2-5 ml of fresh cerebrospinal fluid; or more than 1-2 ml of fresh aqueous humor; other fresh body fluids, pleural fluid, and abdominal cavity Centrifuge and fix 2-5 ml of fluid, pericardial effusion and gallbladder drainage fluid as soon as possible.

5. Electron microscopic diagnosis of bronchial mucosa

Related departments:Respiratory, Pediatrics

Representative disease:immobility syndrome

Specimen requirements:1-2 pieces of fresh bronchial mucosal tissue (mucus cannot be mistakenly detected), size 1x1x2 mm3, put into 2.5% glutaraldehyde fixative within 1 minute of isolation.

6.Others

Reproductive system specimens:(sperm, endometrium, eggs, etc.): to evaluate the development and abnormality of sperm and eggs, to find the pathogen (Chlamydia psittaci) and the cause of retinopathy (virus), and primary occlusion Angle glaucoma (changes in mitochondrial quality and quantity)

Endocrine diseases:(neuroendocrine granules), the nature and origin, etc.

Specimen requirements:special requirements for sperm and egg collection, please call for consultation.

7. Various types of biomedical and nano-material scientific research services:more details are available through telephone consultation.